文件系统驱动编程底子篇之4——Wmi管理标准[VC/C++编程]

2、WMI简介

一）基于Web的企业管理（Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM)）的提出是为了办理企业在快速发展的历程中,总本钱（Total cost of ownership(TCO)） 也随之快速增长的冲突,它作为一项业界倡议,起始于1996年,标准了企业网络中受管资源的描写与利用.WBEM成立在通用信息模子（Common Information Model (CIM, 由Desktop Management Task Force,即DMTF推动的产业化尺度)）筹划（schema）的底子上.WBEM提出了一个尺度化的的办法用于成立统一的框架,差别技术和平台上产生的管理信息均以相同的情势供管理程序拜候,这样就削减了保护费用和企业网络的寿命周期本钱（life cycle costs）.（注:Common除了译为“通用”,也可译为“大众”）

从根本上说,WBEM供应了数据定义的信息尺度和组件交互的处理尺度.

二）CIM是一种机制,用于为受管资源建模并以受管对象格局（Managed Object Format (MOF)）表现这些模子.利用 CIM 和 MOF,构成受管资源或资源网络的组件可以象在面向对象计划历程中利用的组件一样被建模和对待.

CIM由一个核心模子,很多通用模子以及扩大模子构成.核心模子是一系列类、衔接和属性的调集,该对象组供应了全部管理域公用的基本信息模子;通用模子供应特定管理域的通用信息模子,这些特定的管理域,如系统、利用程序、设备、用户和网络等;扩大模子代表通用模子的特定技术扩大.

A core model—incorporates classes applicable to all management domains.

Common models—incorporate classes common to specific management domains, independent of particular technologies or implementations. Common domains include systems, applications, devices, users, and networks. These models provide a basis for the development of management applications and include a set of base classes for extension into technology-specific areas.

Extension models—these represent technology-specific extensions of the common models. These models are specific to environments, such as operating systems (for example, UNIX, or Microsoft Windows).

三）Windows Management Instrumentation——普通译为WMI管理标准,是微软提出的,与WBEM兼容的技术,一样也兼容于CIM2.0或2.5.WMI是Windows管理服务的主要组件,它供应的功效以下（从资料2节选,重点记忆红字便可mcieels）:

A rich and consistent model of Windows 98 and Windows 2000 operation, configuration, and status. 是一个模子

A COM API that supplies a single point of access to all management information. 可COM拜候

Interoperability with other Windows 2000 management services, which will simplify vendors' efforts to create well-integrated management applications. 可合作

A flexible architecture that allows vendors to extend the information model to cover new devices, applications, and other enhancements by writing code modules (WMI providers). 可扩大

A powerful event architecture that allows changes in management information to be identified, aggregated, compared to and associated with other management information, and forwarded to local or remote management applications. 有事件机制

A rich query language（WQL） that enables detailed queries of the information model. 可查询

A scriptable API, which enables management application developers to use Visual Basic? or Windows Script Host (WSH). 可脚本拜候

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