java类合成的语法[Java编程]

就从前的学习情形来看,事实上已举行了多次“合成”操作.为举行合成,我们只需在新类里简单地置入对象句柄便可.举个例子来说,假定需求在一个对象里包容几个String对象、两种基本数据范例以及属于另一个类的一个对象.关于非基本范例的对象来说,只需将句柄置于新类便可;而关于基本数据范例来说,则需在自己的类中定义它们.以下所示（若履行该程序时有麻烦,请拜见第3章3.1.2小节“赋值”）:

//: SprinklerSystem.java
// Composition for code reuse
package c06;

class WaterSource {
  private String s;
  WaterSource() {
    System.out.println("WaterSource()");
    s = new String("Constructed");
  }
  public String toString() { return s; }
}

public class SprinklerSystem {
  private String valve1, valve2, valve3, valve4;
  WaterSource source;
  int i;
  float f;
  void print() {
    System.out.println("valve1 = " + valve1);
    System.out.println("valve2 = " + valve2);
    System.out.println("valve3 = " + valve3);
    System.out.println("valve4 = " + valve4);
    System.out.println("i = " + i);
    System.out.println("f = " + f);
    System.out.println("source = " + source);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SprinklerSystem x = new SprinklerSystem();
    x.print();
  }
} ///:~

valve1 = null
valve2 = null
valve3 = null
valve4 = null
i = 0
f = 0.0
source = null

//: Bath.java
// Constructor initialization with composition

class Soap {
  private String s;
  Soap() {
    System.out.println("Soap()");
    s = new String("Constructed");
  }
  public String toString() { return s; }
}

public class Bath {
  private String 
    // Initializing at point of definition:
    s1 = new String("Happy"), 
    s2 = "Happy", 
    s3, s4;
  Soap castille;
  int i;
  float toy;
  Bath() {
    System.out.println("Inside Bath()");
    s3 = new String("Joy");
    i = 47;
    toy = 3.14f;
    castille = new Soap();
  }
  void print() {
    // Delayed initialization:
    if(s4 == null)
      s4 = new String("Joy");
    System.out.println("s1 = " + s1);
    System.out.println("s2 = " + s2);
    System.out.println("s3 = " + s3);
    System.out.println("s4 = " + s4);
    System.out.println("i = " + i);
    System.out.println("toy = " + toy);
    System.out.println("castille = " + castille);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Bath b = new Bath();
    b.print();
  }
} ///:~

Inside Bath()
Soap()
s1 = Happy
s2 = Happy
s3 = Joy
s4 = Joy
i = 47
toy = 3.14
castille = Constructed